This paper introduces a set of 3D-printed hydroponics components for research and education, enabling scalable, cost-effective systems for plant growth.

PLoS ONE · Apr 29, 2026Peer-reviewedPlant Biology

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Flavonoids Are Hydrolyzed During Digestion and Their Bioaccessibility Is Under Stronger Genetic Control than Raw Material Content

Michael P. Dzakovich, Alvin L Tak, Elaine A Le, Rachel P. Dang, Benjamin W. Redan, Geoffrey A. Dubrow

This study quantifies flavonoid diversity and bioaccessibility in spinach, finding that bioaccessibility has stronger genetic control than raw material content.

Foods · Dec 15, 2025Peer-reviewedPlant Biology

A Comprehensive UHPLC-MS/MS and Extraction Method for Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) Flavonoids

Michael P. Dzakovich, Elaine A Le, Alvin L Tak, Shaji K. Chacko

The paper develops and validates a high-throughput UHPLC-MS/MS method to quantify 39 spinach flavonoids, showing comparable results to traditional methods and providing first quantitative reports for many compounds.

Frontiers in Plant Science · Apr 28, 2025Peer-reviewedPlant Biology