Reprogrammable 4D Tissue Engineering Hydrogel Scaffold via Reversible Ion Printing
Aixiang Ding, Fang Tang, Sriramya Ayyagari, Eben Alsberg
This paper develops a reprogrammable hydrogel scaffold using ion-transfer printing to enable shape transformations in bioconstructs, demonstrating 3D-to-3D shape conversions in engineered cartilage-like tissues.
Bioactive Materials · Mar 12, 2026Peer-reviewedBioengineering