Richard A. R. Watson

This study uses simulations to show that beneficial microbes, rather than parasites, drive the evolution and maintenance of adaptive immunity by reducing selection pressure on innate immunity.

This paper demonstrates that spontaneous adaptive organisation can arise from the interaction of physical optimisation and learning in dynamical systems, without natural selection.

The paper uses computational models to show how phase synchronisation of microscale agents leads to emergent higher-level agency through increased problem-solving competency.