Prevalence and risk factors for avian influenza in backyard pigeons, ducks, and chickens in District Toba Tek Singh Pakistan
Imran Shakeel, Hamad Bin Rashid, Qurat Ul Ain, Alijaan Inayat, Umer Shakeel, Adedayo Michael Awoniyi, Mamoona Chaudhry
The paper assesses AIV prevalence and risk factors in backyard birds in Pakistan, finding higher prevalence in chickens and pigeons with species-specific associations.
PLoS ONE · Oct 15, 2025Peer-reviewedMicrobiology