A Fully Implantable Wireless Bidirectional Neuromodulation System for Mice

Abstract

Novel research in the field of bioelectronic medicine requires systems that pair high-performance neurostimulation and bio-signal acquisition hardware with advanced software signal processing and control algorithms. Although mice are the most commonly used animal in medical research, the size, weight, and power requirements of such systems either preclude their use or impose significant constraints on experimental design. Here, we describe a fully-implantable neuromodulation system suitable for use in mice, measuring 2.2 cm3 and weighing 2.8 g. A bidirectional wireless interface allows simultaneous readout of multiple physiological signals and complete control over stimulation parameters, and a wirelessly rechargeable battery provides a lifetime of up to 5 days on a single charge. The device was successfully implanted (N=12) and a functional neural interface (capable of inducing acute bradycardia) is demonstrated with functional lifetimes exceeding to three weeks. The design utilizes only commercially-available components and 3D-printed packaging, with the goal of accelerating discovery and translation of future bioelectronic therapeutics.