Bacterial mixed cultures followed mixed-order kinetics during mono-azo dye decolourization and degradation in batch studies

Over the years little has been focused on kinetic and thermodynamic aspect of bioremediation studies on dyes. In this study, detailed kinetic and thermodynamic analyses of results obtained during a primary study on a mono-azo dye: Reactive violet 5R (RV5), decolourization and degradation by bacterial mixed cultures SB4 were performed. Various kinetic models (zero-, first- and second-order behaviour and Monod model) were applied to understand the decolourization mechanism in batch process. Similarly, steady-state kinetics for determination of Michaelis-constant and maximal dye removal rate was derived. With increasing RV5 concentration, the specific decolourization rate had increased from 0.61mg/L/h to 1.38mg/L/h. The apparent kinetics of RV5 decolourization reaction followed mixed-order behaviour. The process was endothermic. The enthalpy and entropy values calculated to 45.6kJ/mol and 146J/mol/K, respectively, with an activation energy of 87kJ/mol. The Gibbs free energy change suggests that, decolourization reaction under experimental conditions was non-spontaneous below 20{degrees}C but was spontaneous at higher temperatures.