Multityrosine Kinase Inhibitors Alleviate Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in Non-Human Primates: A Novel Therapy for Diabetic Retinopathy and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are leading causes of vision impairment worldwide. Both conditions involve retinal neovascularization and choroidal neovascularization (CNV), which can lead to severe vision loss. Current treatment options have limitations, necessitating the development of safer and more effective therapies. This study investigated the efficacy of Cabozantinib (CBZ), a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in a non-human primate model of retinal neovascularization. Laser-induced CNV was assessed, and CBZ demonstrated effectiveness in reducing CNV leakage and lesion area without intraocular toxicity. The inhibition of MET and VEGFR2 activation, involved in angiogenesis, is believed to be the mechanism of action. The findings support CBZs potential as a novel therapeutic agent for AMD and DR. Further investigations and clinical trials are warranted to evaluate CBZs long-term safety and efficacy in humans, as well as explore its effect on other pathways involved in CNV. The study supports the growing evidence that multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including CBZ and Axitinib, hold promise in the treatment of ocular neovascularization, particularly in conditions like AMD and DR.