Establishing an ex vivo porcine skin model to investigate the effects of broad spectrum antiseptic on viable skin microbial communities

Abstract

Incomplete antiseptic efficacy against potentially pathogenic microbial taxa places some patients at disproportionate risk for developing a surgical site infection. Laboratory models capable of interrogating the effects of antiseptics on the skin and its complex microbial communities are desperately needed to improve and better tailor antiseptic formulations. This work aims to establish an ex vivo porcine skin model to explore the impact of topical antiseptics on complex skin microbial communities and superficial skin lipids. Microbiome samples were treated with propidium-monoazide to selectively evaluate DNA from viable microorganisms. Bacterial abundances were assessed via viability-qPCR and quantitative culture. Viable community populations were evaluated with 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Epidermal biopsies were collected at multiple timepoints for lipidomic assessment via LC/MS. The ex vivo environment promoted shifts in porcine skin lipid composition and microbial communities over the experiments duration. Compared to water treated control skin, skin treated with the antiseptic chlorhexidine gluconate had significantly lower culturable and bioburden determined by viability-qPCR. Compared to water treated skin, viable microbial communities on CHG treated skin displayed greater relative abundance of several gut associated and Gram-negative bacterial taxa, including SMB53, Turicibacter, Pseudomonas and Proteus. Collectively these findings highlight the utility of an ex vivo porcine skin system for interrogating the impacts of antimicrobial disruption to complex microbial ecosystems, and ultimately for the future testing and development of improved antiseptic formulations.