Gluconate acts as a signal to induce biofilm in Bacillus subtilis
Courtney Price, Amelia Sadlon, Amina Bradley, Claudia Perez, Elizabeth A. Shank
This study identifies gluconate as a signal that induces biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis by increasing iron availability, independent of bacillibactin.
bioRxiv · Sep 10, 2026 · PreprintMicrobiology