Dynamic hybrid-hydrogel lung models decouple matrix composition, stiffness, and fibroblast conditioning to define distinct drivers of fibrotic progression
Rachel Blomberg, Mikala C. Mueller, Thao Vu, Dema H. Essmaeil, David W. H. Riches, Chelsea M. Magin
This study uses 3D lung models to show that environmental stiffness has the strongest effect on fibroblast phenotype and that both matrix composition and stiffness influence gene expression in fibrotic disease.
bioRxiv · Oct 21, 2026 · PreprintBioengineering