SARS-CoV-2 (E)-protein induces rapid TLR2-mediated T cell activation in mouse lungs revealed by intravital lung microscopy
Yasmin Shaalan, Nethaji Kuruppu, Zane Orinska, C Li, Frauke Koops, Roxana Maria Wasnick, Elfriede Noeßner, Tobias Stoeger, Silke Meiners, Markus Rehberg
This study shows SARS-CoV-2 E-protein activates CD8+ T cells in mouse lungs via TLR2, observed using intravital microscopy and ex vivo stimulation.
European Respiratory Journal · Jun 18, 2026Peer-reviewedImmunology