Grain aphids (Sitobion avenae) with knockdown resistance (kdr) to insecticide exhibit fitness trade-offs, including increased vulnerability to the natural enemy Aphidius ervi.
G. Jackson, G. Malloch, L. McNamara, D. Little
This study examines fitness costs of insecticide resistance in grain aphids and finds increased vulnerability to a parasitoid, suggesting potential for biological control.
bioRxiv · Mar 4, 2020Ecology