Cleaner wrasse pass the mark test. What are the implications for consciousness and self-awareness testing in animals?
M. Kohda, H. Takashi, T. Takeyama, S. Awata, H. Tanaka, J.-y. Asai, A. Jordan
This paper shows cleaner wrasse fish pass all phases of the mirror mark test, challenging the interpretation of the test as a measure of self-awareness in animals.
bioRxiv · Aug 21, 2018Animal Behavior & Cognition