Birds invest wingbeats to keep a steady head and reap the ultimate benefits of flocking
L. A. Taylor, D. Biro, B. Lambert, J. A. Walker, G. K. Taylor, S. J. Portugal
This study quantifies the biomechanical and energetic costs of flocking in homing pigeons, finding that paired flight increases route accuracy but raises aerodynamic costs by ~14%.
bioRxiv · Dec 13, 2018Animal Behavior & Cognition