Differential acquisition of cocaine and heroin self-administration in a rat model of internalizing versus externalizing temperament
Michael A. Emery, Aram Parsegian, Sharon A. Koonse, Elaine K. Hebda‐Bauer, Kristin Lee, Brandon D. Luma, Stephen E. Chang, JB Becker, Shelly B. Flagel, Stanley J. Watson, Huda Akil
This study compares how cocaine and heroin self-administration is acquired in rats with internalizing vs. externalizing temperament, finding drug-specific and sex-dependent differences.
bioRxiv · Apr 13, 2026 · PreprintAnimal Behavior & Cognition