V. M. Adams

The costs of global protected-area expansion (Target 3 of the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework) may fall more heavily on lower-income countries

The paper estimates the cost distribution of expanding protected areas under the Global Biodiversity Framework, finding lower-income countries may bear larger financial burdens despite benefiting less.

The minimum land area requiring conservation attention to safeguard biodiversity

The paper estimates that 64 million km2 of terrestrial land requires conservation attention to safeguard biodiversity, with potential losses of 1.3 million km2 by 2030 under intensive land-use scenarios.

Areas of global importance for terrestrial biodiversity, carbon, and water

The paper identifies global terrestrial areas prioritized for conservation to maximize synergies between biodiversity, carbon retention, and water provisioning.

Global shortfalls in extinction risk assessments for endemic flora

The paper assesses global extinction risk for endemic plant species, finding that 67% of country-based endemic species lack risk assessments, despite urgent conservation needs.

Taking a landscape approach to conservation goals: designing multi-objective landscapes

This paper introduces a new conceptual framework for designing landscapes that balance conservation and land management objectives across different spatial scales.