Cocaine and Morphine Converge to Disrupt Chloride Homeostasis in Ventral Tegmental Area GABA Neurons
Anna C. Pearson, Blake A. Kimmey, Madison B. Taormina, William M. Holden, Alexey Ostroumov
This study shows that cocaine and morphine disrupt chloride homeostasis in VTA GABA neurons by downregulating KCC2, with effects lasting up to 30 days after morphine self-administration.
Addiction Biology · Dec 1, 2025Peer-reviewedNeuroscience