Kenneth K. Kwong

This study examines cerebrovascular responses to breath-hold challenges in patients with chronic mild traumatic brain injury using respiratory gas exchange metrics and fMRI.

The paper investigates the relationship between respiratory gas exchange metrics and cerebral hemodynamic fluctuations during spontaneous breathing, finding strong coupling between breath-by-breath O2-CO2 exchange ratio and low frequency CHF.

The paper assesses cerebrovascular reactivity using the O2-CO2 exchange ratio during breath hold challenges and finds it better correlates with CBF changes than individual PCO2 or PO2 changes.

The paper maps cerebrovascular reactivity impairment in episodic migraineurs using fMRI and MRA, finding reduced BOLD responses in MOA patients at the red nucleus.