Synthetic BiologybioRxivPreprint
A step toward synthetic endosymbiosis: introducing Escherichia coli and the trypanosomatid endosymbiont Candidatus Kinetoplastibacterium crithidii into mammalian cells using a polyethylene glycol-based fusion protocol
Rudvi Pednekar, Natascha A. van Geelen-Kuenzel, Carroll MC Diehl…·Matias Daniel Zurbriggen
This paper introduces a PEG-based protocol to deliver Escherichia coli and Candidatus Kinetoplastibacterium crithidii into mammalian cells without genetic modification or specialized equipment.
DOI 10.64898/2026.09.20.753003