Paratyphoid Fever and Relapsing Fever in 1812 Napoleon's Devastated Army
Rémi Barbieri, Julien Fumey, Helja Kabral, Christiana L. Scheib, Michel Signoli, Caroline Costedoat, Nicolás Rascovan
This study identifies Salmonella Paratyphi C and Borrelia recurrentis in Napoleonic soldiers, suggesting these pathogens contributed to the 1812 army's collapse.
Current Biology · Oct 24, 2025Peer-reviewedMicrobiology