Preserved CD4+ T cell helper function and coordinated antiviral immunity in people with HBV/HIV co-infection on long-term therapy
Aljawharah Alrubayyi, Anucha Preechanukul, Yinru Zhang, Jonida Kokiçi, Tanu Kamat, Jessica E. Davies, Indrajit Ghosh, Fiona M. Burns, Sabine Kinloch‐de Loes, Pedro Simoes, Sanjay R. Bhagani, Patrick T.F. Kennedy, Mala K. Maini, Upkar S. Gill, Dimitra Peppa
This study shows that people with HBV/HIV co-infection maintain functional HBV-specific CD4+ T helper responses and coordinated CD4/CD8 antiviral immunity, suggesting preserved antiviral immunity.
bioRxiv · Jun 6, 2026 · PreprintImmunology