Reward and punishment differentially shape basketball free-throw learning
Charalambos Papaxanthis, Lionel Crognier, Elias Pibarot, Jérémie Gaveau, Célia Ruffino, Pierre Vassiliadis
This study shows punishment accelerates early learning of basketball free-throws, while reward improves long-term retention, with individual sensitivity to each influencing outcomes.
bioRxiv · May 1, 2026 · PreprintNeuroscience