Morphological, molecular, and functional evidence for a CNS-like oral nerve ring in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis
Ruohan Zhong, Chris W. Seidel, Anna M. L. Klompen, Matthew C. Gibson
This study identifies a centralized oral nerve ring in Nematostella vectensis with molecular and functional features similar to bilaterian interneurons, suggesting neural centralization predates the cnidarian-bilaterian split.
bioRxiv · Feb 1, 2026 · PreprintEvolutionary Biology