Illuminating the dark side of the human transcriptome with TAMA Iso-Seq analysis

The human transcriptome is one of the most well-annotated of the eukaryotic species. However, limitations in technology biased discovery toward protein coding spliced genes. Accurate high throughput long read RNA sequencing now has the potential to investigate genes that were previously undetectable. Using our Transcriptome Annotation by Modular Algorithms (TAMA) tool kit to analyze the Pacific Bioscience Universal Human Reference RNA Sequel II Iso-Seq dataset, we discovered thousands of potential novel genes and identified challenges in both RNA preparation and long read data processing that have major implications for transcriptome annotation.