Arthritis-Associated Inflammation Remodels Colonic O-Glycosylation

Abstract

The gut-joint axis describes how impaired intestinal epithelial function and increased gut permeability allow luminal factors to enter circulation. This can drive inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis, a chronic condition affecting the joint with systemic features. What mechanisms contribute to disease persistence are, as yet, incompletely understood. In health, extensively Oglycosylated intestinal mucins are central to epithelial protection and immune homeostasis; however, whether mucin glycosylation is altered during arthritis has not been addressed. Here, we investigated whether arthritisassociated inflammation alters mucin Oglycosylation, potentially compromising intestinal barrier function. Using a collageninduced arthritis mouse model, we combined epithelial transcriptomics, mass spectrometry-based glycomics, and imaging approaches to profile intestinal glycosylation. We identified distinct glycan remodeling in the colon, characterized by reduced fucosylation, while the ileum remained largely unaffected. In vitro studies using 3D human epithelial cultures further demonstrated that inflammatory cues, particularly from TNFactivated stromal cells, are sufficient to reduce epithelial fucosylation. Together, these findings identify a stromal-inflammatory mechanism that disrupts mucin glycosylation during arthritis. Loss of colonic fucosylation emerges as a novel element of inflammatory arthritis, providing an additional mechanistic link between intestinal inflammation and fibroblast-dependent modulation of the tissue microenvironment.