Dual immunosensor based on methylene blue-electroadsorbed graphene oxide for rapid detection of influenza virus antigen

Rapid detection of influenza viral infections in the poultry farm is advantageous in several facts such as environmental/personal safety, food-security and socio-economy. Herein, we report the development of an electrochemical based dual sensor platform composed of methylene blue-electroadsorbed graphene oxide nanostructures modified with monoclonal antibodies, H5N1 and H1N1. Bio-functional layers comprised of chitosan and protein-A molecules were implemented at the interface of sensor element and antibodies, which synergistically enriched the bio-activity of immobilized antibodies for the immune complex formation. The differential pulse voltammetric signals resulted from the developed immunosensor platform exhibited a good correlation (R2= 0.9978 for H1N1 and R2=0.9997 for H5N1) for the wide range of target concentrations (25 to 500 pM). Chronoamperometric study also revealed the amplified current sensitivity of the immunoelectrodes even at the picomolar level. The proposed immunosensor design not only provide rapid analytical response time (<1 min) but also provide simplicity in fabrication and instrumentation which paves an attractive platform for on-farm monitoring of viral infections.