Withania somnifera root extract (LongeFera-TM) confers beneficial effects on health and lifespan of the model worm Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract

Withania somnifera is among the most widely prescribed medicinal plants in traditional Indian medicine. Hydroalcoholic extract of the roots of this plant was investigated for its effects on the overall health and lifespan of the model worm Caenorhabditis elegans. Extract-exposed worms registered longer lifespan, higher fertility, better motility and metabolic activity. Whole transcriptome analysis of the extract-treated worms revealed the differential expression of the genes associated with lifespan extension, eggshell assembly and integrity, progeny formation, yolk lipoproteins, collagen synthesis, cuticle molting, etc. This extract seems to exert its beneficial effect on C. elegans partly by triggering remodeling of the developmentally programmed apical extracellular matrix (aECM). Differential expression of certain important genes (cpg-2, cpg-3, sqt- 1, dpy-4, dpy-13, and col-17) was confirmed through PCR assay too. Some of the differently expressed genes (gfat-2, unc-68, dpy-4, dpy-13, col-109, col-169, and rmd-1) in worms experiencing pro-health effect of the extract were found through cooccurrence analysis to have their homologous counterpart in humans. Our results validate the potential of W. somnifera extract as a phytopharmaceutical.