Macrophage-mediated bystander T cell activation in varicose veins
Doğa Uncuer, Marie Helen Winter, Tabea Wieler, Katja Buschmann, Bettina Kleis-Fischer, Carolin Mitschang, Sonja Leson, Matthias Klein, Tobias Bopp, Katrin Schäfer, Fatemeh Zare Shahneh, Verena Raker, Christian Becker
This study identifies macrophage-mediated cytokine activation of T cells in varicose veins, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for chronic venous insufficiency.
bioRxiv · Sep 6, 2026 · PreprintImmunology