A germline shortcut in protein language model retrieval of adaptive immune receptors
Suyue Wang, Ayan Sengupta, Songling Li, Daron M. Standley
This paper benchmarks protein language models against sequence alignment methods for immune receptor retrieval, finding that alignments outperform PLMs at CDR3 level but PLMs match alignments at full variable domain by leveraging germline information.
bioRxiv · Jul 23, 2026 · PreprintBioinformatics