Provision of phosphates by the host supports kleptoplast functionality in photosynthetic sea slugs
Vesa Havurinne, Heta Mattila, Carolina Esteves, Paulo Cartaxana, Sónia Cruz
This study shows that sea slugs provide phosphate to kleptoplasts, enhancing their photosynthetic capacity and longevity, while nitrogen depletion impairs photosynthesis.
bioRxiv · Oct 30, 2025 · PreprintPlant Biology