Exposure to Antibiotics Modifies the Immune Profiles of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles from Common Vaginal Anaerobes
Yu Hasegawa, Olivia Swain, Urvija Rajpal, Michael France, Liqhwa Ncube, Ilaria Mogno, Hannah C. Zierden, Jacques Ravel, Michal A. Elovitz
This study shows antibiotics alter immune profiles of bacterial extracellular vesicles from vaginal anaerobes, potentially causing inflammation and dysbiosis.
Microbiome · Sep 10, 2026Peer-reviewedMicrobiology