Shraddha Madhav Karve

This study shows that Escherichia coli populations adapt better to fluctuating complex environments by reducing trade-offs between growth rates and carrying capacities compared to constant stress environments.

This study shows that environmental fluctuations do not increase variation or population-based resistance in E. coli, suggesting individual-level selection drives fitness in novel environments.

This study shows that E. coli populations evolving in fluctuating environments develop enhanced efflux activity, leading to increased fitness in novel stress conditions without evolving hypermutators.