Stable Hrd1 tetramers at the heart of the retrotranslocon in living cells
Tim Abel, Shubha Subramanya, Brandon M. Liu, Anja Schütz, Jennifer Lippincott‐Schwartz, Sonya E. Neal, Thomas Sommer, Christopher John Obara
This study uses single-molecule imaging to show that Hrd1 forms stable tetramers in the ER, revealing a conserved hydrophobic motif critical for dislocation.
bioRxiv · Jun 17, 2026 · PreprintCell Biology