Michael Biddle

Of 760 papers using 35 antibodies that failed knockout-controlled testing in every application, 15.8% showed validation; the other 640 used at least 8,064 animal and 4,424 human tissue samples.

This paper identifies barriers to antibody validation and proposes a consensus-based action plan to improve validation practices across stakeholders.

The paper establishes a validated antibody platform for ALS research, identifying high-quality antibodies and revealing protein expression patterns in neurological cell types.

Over half of 614 commercial antibodies for 65 human neuroscience proteins failed a knockout-controlled assay, yet most targets had a well-performing antibody; recombinants performed best.