Inhibiting TG2 sensitize lung cancer to radiotherapy through interfering TOPOIIα-mediated DNA repair

Abstract

Radiotherapy is an indispensable strategy for lung cancer, however, treatment failure or reoccurrence is often found in patients due to the developing radioresistance. Novel approaches are required for radiosensitizing to improve the therapeutic efficacy. In present study, we found that transglutaminase 2 (TG2) confers radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells through regulating TOPOII and promoting DNA repair. Our data showed that TG2 inhibitor or knockdown increased NSCLC radiosensitivity in vivo and in vitro. We found that TG2 translocated into nucleus and located to DSB sites, surprisingly, knockdown TG2 or glucosamine inhibited the phosphorylation of ATM, ATR and DNA-Pkcs. Through IP-MS assay and functional experiments, we identified that TOPOII as an downstream factor of TG2. Moreover, we found that TGase domain account for the interaction with TOPOII. Finally, we found that TG2 expression was correlated with poor survival in lung adenocarcinoma instead of squamous cell carcinoma. In conclusion, we demonstrated that inhibiting TG2 sensitize NSCLC to IR through interfere TOPOII mediated DNA repair, suggesting TG2 as a potential radiosensitizing target in NSCLC.