Sourdoughs fermented by autochthonous Lactobacillus strains improve the quality of gluten-free bread

Sourdoughs based on fermentation by lactobacilli have the potential to produce gluten-free maize-based bread with acceptable technological and rheological characteristics, nutritional quality and a more prolonged shelf life. Of the 17 treatments compared (with or without sourdough, and involving single and multiple LAB species), treatments 12C (Lactobacillus brevis, L. sanfranciscensis + L. plantarum) and 8C (L. brevis + L. paralimentarius) showed the lowest rate of complex modulus, while treatments 11C (L. sanfranciscensis + L. brevis + L. paralimentarius) and 2C (L. brevis) led to the greatest reduction in baking loss. The crumb moisture content of all of the formulations decreased with storage. Breads produced with treatment 2C (L. brevis) had the highest crumb moisture content when freshly baked; while loaves produced with treatment 3C (L. paralimentarius) had the highest crumb moisture content after four days of storage. A sensory evaluation indicated that sourdough-based maize breads were superior to both control and chemically acidified breads. The optimal treatments were to use sourdough seeded with treatment 2C (L. brevis), with treatment 4C (L. plantarum), with treatment 8C (L. brevis + L. paralimentarius) or with treatment 11C (L. sanfranciscensis + L. brevis + L. paralimentarius). Significance StatementOf the 17 treatments compared, treatments 12C and 8C showed the lowest rate of complex modulus, while treatments 11C and 2C led to the greatest reduction in baking loss. The optimal treatments were to use sourdough seeded with treatment 2C, with treatment 4C, with treatment 8C or with treatment 11C.