Intermingled representation of oral cavity in mouse trigeminal ganglion

Somatotopy serves as a fundamental principle underlying sensory information processing, traditionally emphasized in the study of the cerebral cortex. However, little effort has been directed towards unraveling the spatial organization characterizing the earlier stages of sensory pathways. In this study, we developed a novel methodology to visualize individual neurons within the trigeminal ganglion--a crucial cluster of cell bodies of sensory neurons innervating the face. Our investigations revealed a reliable sensory response to stimulation of the lower teeth or lip within this ganglion. The responsive neurons were confined to a specific portion of the trigeminal ganglion, consistent with innervation of the lower oral cavity by the mandibular nerve. Contrary to our expectations, we did not observe a discernible map delineating specific regions of the oral cavity. Instead, the spatial representation of the teeth and lips exhibited unexpected intermingling. These findings challenge conventional understandings rooted in cortical maps and suggest that such conceptual frameworks may not be applicable to earlier stages of sensory pathways for the oral cavity. Our study sheds light on the complex spatial organization of sensory processing in the trigeminal system, highlighting the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and implications for sensory perception and clinical interventions. Impact statementIn vivo calcium imaging revealed that neurons responding to tooth stimulation are sparsely distributed in the trigeminal ganglion, intermixed with neurons responding to lip stimulation.