Identification of High risk nsSNPs in Human TP53 Gene Associated with Li Fraumeni Syndrome: An In Silico Analysis Approach

BackgroundLi-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a cancer-prone conditions caused by a germline mutation of the TP53 gene on chromosome 17p13.1. It has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with high penetrance. PurposeThe aim of this study is to identify the high-risk pathogenic nsSNPs in PT53 gene that could be involved in the pathogenesis of Li-Fraumeni syndrome. MethodsThe nsSNPs in the human PT53 gene retrieved from NCBI, were analyzed for their functional and structural consequences using various in silico tools to predict the pathogenicity of each SNP. SIFT, Polyphen, PROVEAN, SNAP2, SNPs&Go, PHD-SNP, and P-Mut were chosen to study the functional inference while I-Mutant 3.0, and MUPro tools were used to test the impact of amino acid substitutions on protein stability by calculating {Delta}{Delta}G value. The effects of the mutations on 3D structure of the PT53 protein were predicted using RaptorX and visualized by UCSF Chimera. ResultsA total of 845 PT53 nsSNPs were analyzed. Out of 7 nsSNPs of PT53 three of them (T118L, C242S, and I251N) were found high-risk pathogenic. ConclusionIn this study, out of 7 predicted high-risk pathogenic nsSNPs, three high-risk pathogenic nsSNPs of PT53 gene were identified, which could be used as diagnostic marker for this gene. The combination of sequence-based and structure-based approaches is highly effective for pointing pathogenic regions.