Reduced competence to arboviruses following the sustainable invasion of Wolbachia into native Aedes aegypti from Niteroi, Southeastern Brazil

Abstract

Field release of Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti has emerged as a promising solution to manage the transmission of dengue, Zika and chikungunya in endemic areas across the globe. Through an efficient self-dispersing mechanism, and the ability to induce virus-blocking properties, Wolbachia offers an unmatched potential to gradually modify wild Ae. aegypti populations turning them unsuitable disease vectors. Here in this work, a proof-of-concept field trial was carried out in a small community of Niteroi, greater Rio de Janeiro. Following the release of Wolbachia-infected eggs, we reported a successful invasion and long-term establishment of the bacterium across the territory, as denoted by stable high-infection indexes (>80%). We have also demonstrated that refractoriness to dengue and Zika viruses, either thorough oral-feeding or intra-thoracic saliva challenging assays, were maintained over the adaptation to the natural environment of Southeastern Brazil. These findings further support Wolbachias ability to invade local Ae. aegypti populations and impair disease transmission, and shall pave the way for future epidemiological and economic impact assessments.