Jammed microgel growth medium prepared by flash-solidification of agarose for 3D cell culture and 3D bioprinting

Abstract

1. Introduction ABSTRACT 1. Introduction 2. Materials and methods 3. Results and discussion 4. Conclusion Author contributions Supplementary Information References Cells grown as monolayers on conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture plates are significantly different from their in vivo counterparts in many different ways [1]. In standard flat plate cultures, not only do they exhibit altered morphologies and dynamics [2-4], their gene expression and signal transduction profiles are dramatically altered [5]. Furthermore, cells in vivo are exposed to more complex mechanical cues and chemical fields due to their three-dimensional (3D) packing and access to systemic circulation [ ...