CD4+ T-Cells Drive Triple Negative Breast Cancer Recurrence via Non-Canonical TGFβ Signaling
McKenzie A. Mayeaux, Benjamin P. Altman, Benjamin C. Hacker, Steven M. Alves, Dadi Jiang, Albert C. Koong, Edward Elliot Graves, Marjan Rafat
This study shows that Th2-polarized CD4+ T-cells drive TNBC recurrence through TGFβ-induced pro-invasive signaling in irradiated mammary tissue.
bioRxiv · Aug 20, 2026 · PreprintCancer Biology