S100A9-Dependent CXCR2hi Neutrophils Mediate Systemic Immune Suppression and Checkpoint Resistance in Metastatic TNBC
Fulya Koksalar Alkan, Ahmet B. Çağlayan, Hilmi Kaan Alkan, Eunmi Lee, Raziye Piranlioglu, Cordarryl Jones, Max Alimadadi, Elayne M. Benson, Alicia H. Arnold, Adriana Langer Gramer, Thomas Vogl, Gregory E. Dyson, Ahmed Chadli, Mustafa Güzel, Sabine Kasimir‐Bauer, , Hasan Körkaya
This paper identifies a TGF-β/S100A9/CXCR2 axis in metastatic TNBC that drives neutrophil expansion and immune suppression, with S100A9 loss enhancing immunotherapy response.
bioRxiv · Jul 8, 2026 · PreprintCancer Biology