Biophysical trade-offs in antibody evolution are resolved by conformation-mediated epistasis
Cole R Tharp, Claudio Catalano, Anthony Khalifeh, Sam Ghaffari-Kashani, Ruimin Huang, Gyunghoon Kang, Giovanna Scapin, Angela M. Phillips
This study quantifies biophysical trade-offs in antibody evolution by analyzing surface expression, affinity, and self-reactivity across 213 evolutionary intermediates of a SARS-CoV-2 antibody lineage.
bioRxiv · Mar 17, 2026 · PreprintEvolutionary Biology