Cindy M. Spruit

This study identifies that H5Nx influenza A viruses bind promiscuously to avian-type mucin-like O-glycans, enhancing their zoonotic potential by binding human tracheal tissues.

The paper shows that a single Q226L mutation in the HA protein of a 2.3.4.4e H5 virus allows it to bind human-type receptors, unlike a modified 2.3.4.4b virus.

This study shows that NeuGc-adapted H7 IAVs can bind sialyl-LewisX, enabling replication in chickens and ducks despite lacking NeuGc receptors.

The paper investigates how avian H7 influenza A viruses can bind NeuGc through specific mutations, revealing insights into viral adaptation to NeuGc receptors.