Peter Shizgal

The paper investigates whether 20- and 50-Hz optical stimulation of midbrain dopamine neurons produce functionally distinct effects, finding that differences are quantitative rather than qualitative and related to reward intensity.

This study challenges the idea that phasic dopamine release directly causes policy updates by showing stable work rates in rats despite repeated dopamine stimulation.

The paper withdraws its manuscript as its contents have been merged into another preprint.

The paper investigates the relationship between pulse duration and optical power in optogenetic stimulation of dopamine neurons, finding a constant product of power and duration for reward seeking.

The paper investigates how dopamine transporter blockade affects reward-seeking behavior in rats using optical stimulation, finding differential effects that suggest parallel reward pathways.

The paper studies how rats learn to infer hidden task structures using a Hidden Markov Model, showing improved memory and reduced reliance on misleading recent observations over time.