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Global variation in prior exposure shapes antibody neutralization profiles of SARS-CoV-2 variants up to BA.2.86

S. Turner, G. Amirthalingam, D. Bailey, D. H. Barouch, K. R. Bewley, K. Brown, Y. R. Cao, Y.-W. Chan, S. Charlton, DOVE consortium, N. S. Coombes, B. Hallis, D. D. Ho, F. Jian, N. Lasrado, R. Lassauniere, L. Lihong, D. C. Montefiori, P. Moss, J. Newman, H. Parry, C. Polacek Strandh, M. Rasmussen, F. Shao, X. Shen, , D. J. Smith

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Abstract

The highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 variant, BA.2.86, and its descendants are now the most frequently sequenced variants of SARS-CoV-2. We analyze antibody neutralization data from eight laboratories from the UK, USA, Denmark, and China, including two datasets assessing the effect of XBB.1.5 vaccines, to determine the effect of infection and vaccination history on neutralization of variants up to and including BA.2.86, and produce antibody landscapes to describe these neutralization profiles. We find evidence for lower levels of immune imprinting on pre-Omicron variants in sera collected from Denmark and China, which may be explained by lower levels of circulation of the ancestral variant in these countries, and the use of an inactivated virus vaccine in China.

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