Dynamic changes in the transcriptome of oocytes during adolescent-onset PCOS in mice

(1) Background: This study aimed to explore temporal changes in the transcriptome of oocytes in an adolescent-onset polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) mouse model. (2) Methods: An adolescent-onset PCOS mouse model was established using DHEA. Genes with a similar expression trend over time were identified using trend analysis. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and gene regulatory network diagrams were examined for signaling pathways to identify potential hub genes related to the pathogenesis of PCOS. (3) Results: Four main trends of gene expression were extracted, of which six combinations of Venn diagrams were generated. Differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, cell cycle, P53 signaling pathway. Cell cycle-related genes (Skp1, Ccnb1, Orc1 and 5, Wee2, Mapk3, Cdc20) were abnormally down-regulated in the DHEA group. Ptges3 was the top1 DEGs at the initial stage of PCOS modeling. (4) Conclusion: This study provides a novel insight into the altered transcriptome of oocytes from PCOS mice. mtDNA-related genes and Cell cycle-related genes play the most important role in the development of PCOS. Ptges3 was the one of the top DEGs which was up-regulated in DHEA group at the initial stage of modeling, which suggested it may play an important role in the early stage of PCOS.