BacPROTACs outperform inhibitors in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Abstract

Antibiotic discovery has long relied on occupancy-driven inhibition, leaving a vast number of potential bacterial targets undrugged.1 Targeted protein degradation offers a mechanistically distinct alternative to inhibition, yet its application to antibacterial drug discovery remains largely unexplored.2-4 Here we describe the development of first-in-class heterobifunctional bacterial proteolysis targeting chimeras (BacPROTACs) directed against an essential Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein, 4-phosphopantetheinyl transferase (PptT).5 Leveraging the modular architecture of BacPROTACs, we repurposed PptT inhibitors by incorporating them into degraders, yielding compounds with markedly improved antimycobacterial activity. Integrating in vitro and cellular approaches, we developed a characterisation pipeline to assess protein degradation in bacteria, applicable to future BacPROTAC programmes. Our study establishes targeted protein degradation as a strategy for antibacterial drug discovery.