Sequence Dependent UV Damage of Complete Pools of Oligonucleotides

Abstract

Understanding the sequence-dependent DNA damage formation requires to probe a complete pool of sequences over a wide dose range of the damage causing exposure. We used high throughput sequencing to simultaneously obtain the dose dependence and quantum yields for oligonucleotide damages for all possible 4096 DNA sequences with hexamer length. We exposed the DNA with ultraviolet radiation at 266 nm and doses of up to 500 photons per base. At the dimer level our results confirm existing literature values, whereas we now quantified the susceptibility of sequence motifs to UV irradiation up to previously inaccessible polymer lengths. This revealed the protective effect of the sequence context in preventing the formation of UV-lesions. For example, the rate to form dipyrimidine lesions is strongly reduced by nearby guanine bases. Our results provide a complete picture of the sensitivity of oligonucleotides to UV irradiation and allow to predict their survival chances in high-UV environments.