The toxic effects of lead nitrate on human keratinocytes (HaCaT).

Abstract

This study investigated the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial toxicity in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) caused by lead nitrate. An increase in lead nitrate concentration (50-800 {micro}M) showed a decrease in cell viability and the IC50 concentration was found to be 385.7 {micro}M. Lead nitrate at 250 {micro}M was also found to decrease the clonogenic potential, produce an increased number of binucleated cells with a micronucleus, increase the olive tail movement, reduce the thiol protein content, increase the intracellular and mitochondrial ROS levels, increase the mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial membrane potential. Which showed that Lead nitrate does indeed show cytotoxic, genotoxic effects as well as increase oxidative stress and alter mitochondrial functions. HIGHLIGHTSO_LILead nitrate causes cytotoxicity in keratinocytes with an IC50 conc. of 385.7 {micro}M. C_LIO_LIExposure to lead nitrate showed a significant increase in DNA damage. C_LIO_LILead nitrate increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and mass. C_LI